Mayflies are among the most primitive aquatic insects. Their wings cannot be folded over their backs. All species have aquatic larvae; adults do not feed and generally live for only a few days. Mayfly larvae inhabit streams of all sizes, as well as the littoral areas (and occasionally deeper waters) of lakes. Since most species favor unpolluted aquatic systems, mayflies are an important indicator group for biomonitoring programs. There are about 575 species in North America, of which 170 have been documented from Maine. The Roaring Brook mayfly, Epeorus frisoni, is endemic to Maine and found only in Baxter State Park; it is listed as an endangered species. The Tomah mayfly, Siphlonisca aerodromia, is listed as a threatened species in Maine.
The mayfly species list is under review and will be revised to reflect recent taxonomic changes.
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